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Wal-Mart Widening the Gender Divide

Photograph of a Wal-Mart store exterior in Laredo, Texas

Photograph taken by Jared C. Benedict on 22 February 2004.

The differences in economic opportunity distribution between women and men within occupations have been less than a model of equality in the US. This job disparity continues to be a prominent feature of the current labor market as shown by the recent allegations against Wal-Mart. Such an employer is supposed to evaluate each person as an “individual” without regard to sex and must assess their qualifications in light of the requirements of a specific job.

Examples of prohibited discrimination

An employer cannot refuse to hire or promote women because of the belief that women typically stop working when they marry or have children. Moreover, employers cannot segregate male and female jobs because they believe men make good managers, are aggressive and take charge, or that women deal better with detail work, have patience, and can handle repetitive jobs. In this case, there is the absence of gender equality.

gender equality refers to women’s enjoyment of equal rights

In a broad sense, gender equality refers to women’s enjoyment of equal rights in a number of dimensions. These include economic opportunities, access to be public goods, participation in public decision-making and employment. Although linked to some of these factors, wage discrimination is generally understood as referring to women being paid lower wages after accounting for observable attributes. Even though considerable progress has been made in studying these issues during the past decade, most of the available work has focused on formal markets in developed economies. In addition to the definition and measurement of discrimination, attention has focused on whether recent events will affect the level of discrimination in specific ways.

Economic openness will relieve inequality?

One issue of interest is whether economic openness in general and, international trade in particular will reduce levels of discrimination. Comparison of gender wage gaps in industries with different levels of competition before and after trade liberalization supports the hypothesis that trade could benefit women by reducing the ability of firms to discriminate against them. Many believe that the increase in use of bad credit short term loans and bank direct deposit loans by women is attributable to this disparity.

Recently, in the US, the women workers of Wal – Mart claim that the latter discriminate against gender in terms of the employment of women. Wal – Mart, in fact, has asked the US Supreme Court to intervene so that it would not face a colossal law suit based on gender discrimination. It is widely recognized that in many societies, women face discrimination on the labor market. Gender pay differences vary across space and across time. In fact, not so long ago, discrimination against women was seen with a significant rise in gender pay differences at the dawn of the twentieth century.

Hostile environment for women in the workplace

When asked to think about a hostile environment for women in the workplace, many of us would first envision overt instances of sexual harassment or blatant employment discrimination. These associations are certainly not astonishing: even in an age in which these behaviors are denounced and in large part illegal, such organizational misconduct seems almost commonplace. There have been many high-profile allegations of discrimination leveled against organizations within the last several years. Now Wal–Mart seems to have been added to the list of such organizations. In this context Wal–Mart must be open to scrutiny to dispel the claim that they are discriminating against women.

References:

http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Justice/2010/0825/Wal-Mart-asks-Supreme-Court-to-block-giant-gender-bias-lawsuit

http://walmartwatch.com/img/blog/gender_discrimination.pdf

September 1, 2010 Posted by | Business, Ready | , , , , | Leave a Comment

Consequence of Being a Terrorist

Recent picture of Mohammad Hatta “Madhatta” Haipe with his rebel group

July 30, 2010 by Imee

Being a terrorist is widely discussed in many levels, varying points of view and from a vast array of perspectives. But seldom are the consequences of terrorism ever become subject of significant discussion. When one engages in terrorist activities, setting aside the harm and damage you inflict on the society, does anyone ever consider the circumstance that will forever consume one’s life? Once you are a terrorist your life will never be the same.  You in effect cut yourself off to an extent from who you are and what your human nature is about.

A Terrorist Never Has a Normal Life

A terrorist never has a normal life. Most if not all governments consider terrorists, what they do and what they believe in as illegal. Moreover the current views of most states are that terrorists are objects of hatred and social stigma for the reason that you are involved in terrorism. After all terrorism is now viewed not just as politically induced violence but as a moral and ethical aberration that modern society abhors. Perhaps the idea that a terrorist is actually a freedom fighter and is against the oppression of the world powers is alluring. But the fact is not all world powers are oppressive to most countries. And it might be the terrorist who despite his values is asked to oppress people with their use of terrorism.

A terrorist is a murderer. His or her act of killing may be ideological, religious and even be a political necessity but there is no way to justify such an act. Always it would be seen as atrocity by most if not the entire world. A life as a fugitive is the life of a terrorist. He or she will always be on the run and living at the edge of the society. This is due to the fact that a terrorist is wanted in almost every country due to the fact that terrorism is an international crime. A person who becomes a terrorist is perpetually alienated from society, and even his or her own family. Obviously you cannot see your family since you could be arrested or they be used by the government to get to you or be the target of the vengeance of those you have harmed in the past.

Terrorism Has Consequences

A terrorist in no way contribute positively to the development of his or her country and the progression of their community. After all terrorist are part of the destructive and destabilizing forces that undermine national development and communal progress due to the nature of terrorism. In the news a top terrorist has been found guilty in the US. This terrorist is a founding member of the al-Qaida-linked bandit group Abu Sayyaf. The controversy is was the trial just given the experience of the U.S. with terrorism. But it is said that he pleaded guilty. But did this plea come as a product of free will or through coercive means or torture? What is certain is terrorism has consequences.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News, Ready | , , , , , | Leave a Comment

The British Monarchy: A 21st Century Monarchy

An updated photo of the British Royal family

July 10, 2010

The British Monarchy which is a constitutional monarchy is a form of government in which a monarch acts as head of state within the parameters of a written, unwritten or blended constitution. It differs from absolute monarchy in that an absolute monarch serves as the sole source of political power in the state and is not legally bound by any constitution. A constitutional monarchy  employs a parliamentary system in which the Monarch have strictly Ceremonial duties, has an indirectly elected prime minister who is the head of government and exercises effective political power.

The Internet is the New Medium for Communications

In recent news the British Royal Family whom comprise the monarchy have extensively interacted with the internet and cyberspace. What does this imply? The Internet is the new medium for communications. It has been ideal to learn more information and get connected to others with similar interests. It has allowed more participation in social issues. The Internet has turned into an intermingling of individual expressions, business imaginings, communities, and outlets for personal beliefs among other things so obscure they can’t be put into any particular category.

A world away from the world we live in where billions, even trillions of electrons are regularly inconvenienced for the purpose of transferring data from machine to machine. Decisions are made, lives are affected and profits are made. Opinions are exchanged, and a surfer now has access to attitudes and viewpoints, which would otherwise have been unreachable due to country-specific media censorship’s and jingoism in addition to the propaganda disseminated upon them by society itself. A person can now be accepted for her thoughts and viewpoints instead of looks.

Internet Can Contribute to Democratization

The internet widens the array of tools available to those who seek to subvert oppressive regimes. The internet has also decreased the cost of being such a dissident. This makes it a key step in the process of democratization. Overall there is a strong correlation between levels of internet penetration and degrees of democracy, which proponents have argued shows that the internet can contribute to democratization.

Access by the British Monarchy to the internet has deep implications as to their role and place in British society. The British Monarchy is a long-standing one that has endured through many historical events that other Monarchy’s simply have not. As with the characters in Greek and Roman Mythology, the rich tapestry of Britain’s past seems woven by the human qualities of their godlike sovereigns. The gods and those in their favor shared epic adventures made more intriguing through their humanity. Their loves, their lust, their greed, their jealousy, their strengths, their weaknesses, their triumphs and failures are meaningful enough to still captivate many centuries later. We see our lives and ourselves in their struggles and there find many of the great themes of our literature in their stories. This connection between the people and their monarch in fact is heightened and amplified by the internet taking their relationship into realm of the virtual.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | Ready, Society | , , , , , , | Leave a Comment

Animal Blood Sport Controversy

In this April 4, 2010, photo, Spanish matador Daniel Luque performs with a bull from Juan Pedro Domeq ranch during a bullfight at Las Ventas bullring in Madrid.

The Associated Press (Daniel Ochoa de Olza/Associated Press)

This is not about whether it is right for human beings to farm and eat other animals – this is covered in a different context. Neither is it about zoos, which are also covered in their own discussion. Rather this discussion is about various other uses of animals for sport, pleasure, and entertainment.

Blood Sports for Personal Entertainment

A wide variety of examples from different cultures around the world might be brought into this context: ‘blood sports’ such as fox and stag hunting, and fishing; forms of entertainment using performing animals, such as circuses; and sports in which animals perform for human enjoyment, such as horse racing and bull fighting.

Abuse of Animals in Sports and Entertainment

Views on these issues are often very culture-specific – e.g. some Spanish people may find it easy to accept bull fighting, or some British people may feel more sympathy with fox hunting – these practices can form part of a national culture. Nonetheless animal rights advocates find these to be the most indefensible ways that humans treat other animals. There are two parts to the proposition case: first, it is wrong in principle to exploit nonhuman animals in any way; secondly, there are many concrete examples of how animals are made to suffer in the context of sports and entertainment. As in any good assessment, both sides should pay attention both to principled arguments and to concrete examples. This exchange of ideas could be done, as it is here, as an overview of a whole range of uses of animals in sporting and entertainment contexts.

It is said that all forms of sport and entertainment that exploit non-human animals should be banned; animals, like us, can feel fear, stress, exhaustion, and pain. To use animals for our own amusement, whether hunting them for sport or making them perform for us, is demeaning to ourselves as well as to them. Being a species with a great amount of power and control over other species brings with it a responsibility not to abuse that power. Using animals in sports and entertainment is an abuse of our position of responsibility and brutalizes society towards animals and nature.

Is the Issue Animal Cruelty?

However it is also viewed that all cultures throughout history have used animals in the context of sport and entertainment, from Roman chariot racing up to present day hunting, racing, and circuses. The issue here is not whether or not we can use other species for our own purposes – we can and it is only natural – the issue is animal cruelty, which everyone can agree should be ended. The proposition needs to demonstrate that the practices they are referring to are cruel – it is not enough to appeal to vague principles such as animal rights. There are two categories of activity that are acceptable: first, killing animals that are pests or that are going to be eaten; and secondly, using animals in enjoyable human sports in ways that do not involve cruelty.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | Ready, Sports | , , , , | Leave a Comment

EU’s Role in the Israel – Palestine Conflict

EU Trade Commissioner Catherine Ashton adjusts her glasses as she addresses the members of the European Parliament during a discussion on international trade policy at the European Parliament in Brussels, Tuesday, Dec. 2, 2008.

(AP Photo/Yves Logghe)

Trying to assume a greater role in resolving the conflict in Gaza Strip, the European Union has proposed an interesting alternative.  It plans to invite both Israel and Palestine to join the EU. It is both the largest provider of aid to the Palestinian Authority (PA) and Israel’s most important trade partner.

Attempts at a Two-State Solution

The EU has failed to translate that economic leverage into diplomatic influence. Both the Israelis and the Palestinians regard the United States as central to any resolution of their conflict, the EU remains marginalized in the process.

Many attempts have been made to broker a two-state solution in the Gaza Strip. This would entail the creation of an independent Palestinian state alongside an independent Jewish state. A 2007 poll showed the majority of both Israelis and Palestinians prefer the two-state solution over any other solution as a means of resolving the conflict. Due to these views critics would describe such an offer to bring Israel and Palestine into the EU as a diplomatic stunt.

The Goal of Peaceful Co-Existing Community

There is no doubt that the goal of a peaceful co-existing community would take many years to achieve. However, through the use of diplomatic and economic resources the EU would create a long-term strategy of constructive engagement in the Middle East in order to try and end the bloodshed and turmoil that rattles the two states.

To fulfill these goals, EU will seek the cooperation of with local partners. These partners can be public organizations, groups or individuals.  Different from former failed initiatives, there will be no demands to those partners beforehand to pursue politically correct goals or to issue particular statements. EU wants to negotiate with responsible parties and demonstrate their good intentions without degrading them or forcing them into submission.

Changing the Mentality is a Necessity

Regarding this conflict, it is unrealistic to expect substantial progress in little time. To break the vicious circle of violence, it is necessary to change the mentality of both sides, which requires at least a generation. Continuously and coherently influencing both sides. This is the only way to ensure Israelis and Palestinians can themselves be the driving force behind the process of peace, which is a necessity for enduring stability. Stability starts with an installment loan or a personal short-term loan.

In closing, the EU move is seen as a genuine effort to resolve the matter. However, they still have to show themselves as a viable alternative to the United States who has had the most influence, limited as it may be, in moving Israel and Palestine closer to peace.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News, Ready | , , , , , | Leave a Comment

State of Political Uncertainty Still Grips Bangkok

About 30,000 Red Shirts gathered at Sanam Luang

January 2nd, 2009 by Nick Nostitz, Guest Contributor

A government is supposed and actually do pursue the establishment and the institution of control and order. Their natural conduct is to stamp out all forms of disorder be they democratic or expressive of the people’s will. They are supposed to maintain the natural order of things and treat all  forms of disruption as evil. They also are interested in keeping and retaining the status quo where they hold and wield power, and they are the foremost agent of the state. A government that entrenched itself in the center of protective layers of legal measures and state protection is a government that is more interested in holding on to power rather being open to interact with the people. Their usual response to any  form contentions of their authority will be treated as unlawful and disorderly to the point that they will claim society is in danger, even if it is only the said government.

Climate of Political Instability

The climate of political instability that is the residue left after the series of unrests in the recent weeks in Thailand still keeps the government fearful of the resurgence of unrest by the opposition “ red shirts” have retained the state of emergency in Bangkok. Given that the government’s measure is to ensure the stability, continuity and security of the institutions of government it also sets a negative implication as to the Thai people. This, in fact, validate what the “red shirts” are claiming that the government is no longer attuned to the people, that it is already distant from it and is more concerned is staying in power but disguises this by calling it labels like, stability, law & order and social order.

Mirror Opposite of Government

The opposition like the “red shirts” are the mirror opposite of government in the sense that they are out to wrest from government any forms of authority, and that they argue to represent the people, and champion their welfare. As a result they usually possess overwhelming public support. They incite to disorder, riots and all forms of disruption with the end goal of destabilizing the government and ousting them. Setting aside the claims, contentions and allegation s of the various political factions involved directly or indirectly in the complex inter – links of Thai politics all are but conducting themselves according to their political nature.

A Closer Analysis

A closer analysis of the situation in Bangkok and Thailand as a whole would give us considerable insight as to the dynamics involved. At the center of it all is power. The government possesses it and is locked in a struggle to keep it and continue wielding it. On the other hand, the opposition, seek to acquire the power of the government and when they succeed, they too will struggle to retain it. Those involve forward and the real nature of the problem is now laid down clearly but like all political problems still it has dimensions that are unrevealed.

References:

http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/local/188559/emergency-decree-stays-in-city

http://www.e-ir.info/?p=976

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News | , , , , , | Leave a Comment

Russian Forest Fires Erupts Uncontrollably

Forest fires in Russia's worst heatwave in decades have killed 29 people, and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin has visited one of the worst hit areas to reassure angry residents. People in a village in the central Nizhny Novgorod region where all 341 houses burnt down confronted Putin as he toured the area on Friday, many wiping tears from their eyes, television reports showed.

by: Vancata | Views: 6 | Date: 30-07-2010, 20:23

In Russian news, forest fires spread in Russia and continue to claim more lives. It is said that there has not been a forest fire like this before. Wildfires, also known as forest fires, vegetation fires, grass fires, brush fires, peat fires (“gambut” in Indonesia), bushfires (in Australasia), or hill fires, are uncontrolled fires often occurring in wild land areas, but which can also consume houses or agricultural resources. Common causes include lightning, human carelessness, arson, volcanic eruption, and pyroclastic clouds from active volcano’s. El Niño (weather pattern disturbance), heat waves, and droughts are major contributors to extreme  wildfires.

Increase of Climate Changes

Another factor that has increased in prominence is climate change. As the climate warms, the atmosphere can hold more moisture. Precipitation is likely to increase in winter, but with more falling rain rather than snow. Increased melting of snow further adds to the likelihood that snow pack in the mountains and on the plains is less as spring arrives. Making less melt water as the summer looms. Drier soils mean less evaporation and so the heat goes into higher temperatures, less recycled moisture in the atmosphere, and hence less rain during summer. With increased drying, it is a recipe for increased intensity, frequency and duration of drought. Increased heat waves and risk of conflagration follow.

The climate related variables that affect the severity of the a fire season are those that affect soil moisture content, vegetation density, and the moisture content of live vegetation. Extended periods of above-normal temperatures and below-normal rainfall are key factors that contribute to an active wildfire season. Available moisture is rapidly lost due to high evaporation rates under hot and dry conditions. If the losses due to evaporation are not replaced through precipitation, below-normal soil and vegetation moisture levels increase the potential for wildfire development.

Forest Fires Expected to Increase

Forest fires are expected to increase in some areas with climate change and decrease in others. Although some forest areas (such as the Amazon, Mediterranean and temperate US) are predicted to be much drier, and therefore more vulnerable to fire, other areas, such as tropical Africa, may be wetter and less vulnerable to fire. However, climate variability is expected to increase across the globe and this will increase periods of drought, making forests more flammable.

Increased forest fire risk is also a crucial factor in the survival of boreal forests in Russia. Most dangerous are large forest fires, which occur during extremely dry and warm years. Such climatic conditions occur periodically (every 15–20 years) in parts of the Russian boreal zone. Currently these large fires account for about 1–2% of the total number of forest fires, but burned areas reach 70–80% and losses are as much as 90% of the total values. Most climate scenarios indicate that the probability of large fires will increase. And as we see now is already occurring. To stop forest fires is to address its root, climate change. Unless this is dealt with forest fires will increase.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News, Ready | , , , , | Leave a Comment

North Korea’s Threats: Empty or Require Caution

The aircraft carrier USS George Washington departs Busan, ahead of planned war games that have sparked retaliation threats from North Korea.

(US Navy: Adam K Thomas)

In the news North Korea threatens a nuclear response to massive war games being held by the United States and South Korea which would escalate into nuclear war. The question is will it come to that? Will things become that worse? North Korean rhetorical threats come at a time of heightened tension brought on by Pyongyang’s unprovoked March 26 attack on the Cheonan and greater concern over the stability of the reclusive regime.

U.N Responds to North Korea’s Attack

Although the U.N. Security Council responded weakly to North Korea’s attack, this week the Obama Administration pledged to impose additional, more wide-ranging economic sanctions on Pyongyang’s illicit activities. In the past, North Korea has responded strongly to what it perceived as threats or insults to the regime though often in an asymmetric and delayed manner. Given this situation is nuclear war inevitable?

The Effects of World War I and World War II

Since the seventeenth century, wars have progressively become more destructive and inhuman, no doubt the result of an industrial revolution that put a weapon in every peasant’s hand. Democracy has been no cure, and in fact may have added to the inhumanity by fomenting intense nationalism and partisanship as in the American Civil War, when six hundred thousand fellow countrymen lost their lives over the democratic question of states’ rights. World War I saw 10 million men killed in the trenches of a senseless stalemate egged on by nationalistic pride.

World War II saw another 50 million perish, most of them civilians in bombed-out cities and concentration camps, justified in the name of “total war” that was started by a free and democratically elected chancellor of the German Third Reich. If the world is to reverse the tide of history and survive the atomic age, we must soon recognize the incompatibility of weapons of mass destruction with the political nature of warfare. Only then will we begin to change the counterproductive strategies that threaten us all.

Should Nuclear Weapons be Banned?

Nuclear weapons have only deterred nuclear war, and, ironically, very nearly caused one in the process in the case of the Cuban Missile Crisis. Nuclear weapons, like chemical and biological devices, should be banned from civilized warfare. The truth is we would be better off militarily and economically, for there are far more productive ways of convincing opponents to accept our political will than by attacking their passions. We might even find it more civilized.

There is in fact a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two opposing sides would effectively result in the destruction of both the attacker and the defender.  It is based on the theory of deterrence according to which the deployment of strong weapons is essential to threaten the enemy in order to prevent the use of the very same weapons. North Korea is out to protect itself and not want its own demise which would be visited on it if it ever makes good on its threat. It does not want any of this.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News, Ready | , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment

The Dawning of a New Political Future: The Rise of China

Sutoso

Our understanding of International Politics has been defined in the past several decades by the world powers. But in recent history the concept of world power evolved to that of superpower. Ever since that transition a select few states would be immensely wealthy, influential, and dictate its will upon a multitude of states. Its allies and client – nations all look to them for leadership, depend on them in many ways and accede to their judgment due to their economic, military and/or technological might.

What Makes a State a Superpower?

What makes a state a superpower? How does a country ascend to such a level of progression and development? What conditions need to be met or have to be present? Can a troubled and developing state ever attain that status of superpower? In the past during the passing of the Cold War we have seen the rise of two superpowers the United States and the U.S.S.R. which is today Russia. And their ascendance to that status was by very different means but froth with very similar circumstances. But since the end of the Cold War only the United States remained and became the sole superpower on earth at least for a while.

Can an impoverished, underdeveloped and politically traumatized state attain the status of superpower or let alone world power? Both international political and economic circumstances were generally conducive for China to become a superpower rivaling even the United States or any other power. In fact China now is said to possess “soft power”—its strategic vision and cultural cohesion, for example—for expanding Chinese influence in international affairs. The growth of Chinese power today is contingent on economic globalization, making its situation vastly different to the emergence of the Soviet Union whose development occurred separately from the industrialized world.

China’s Expanding Economy

Recently China became the foremost energy consumer in the world. This implies that China expanding economy and industry like any rapidly developing power before is ravenously in need of energy to power its every undertaking and process. Moreover it is a hallmark of rising powers that they usually, at some point, require substantive amounts of energy. This also implies that China is not yet able to generate that amount of energy by itself but in a short period of time will be able to do so. When it does it would become self sufficient and be worthy of being a superpower, but before that China has to deal with an unbalanced economic development, especially its energy‑intensive heavy industry and investment-led growth.  It  has aggravated income inequality, heightened trade tensions, and contributed to serious environmental problems.

For now China has all the opportunity to realize its goal of becoming a comprehensive global power capable of pursuing and defending national interests. For now it will be primarily focused on domestic challenges, such as economic and social development.

September 1, 2010 Posted by | News, Ready | , , , , , | Leave a Comment

   

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