Decline of Monarchies
By gravyphig Graham Smith
Since the ancient and medieval time Kings, Queens, Emperors, Sultans, Khan and other like titles referred to the ultimate office and source of all power in a nation. A single individual wielded the power to determine the lives of all individuals in a particular state or nation. In fact, a whole system of government was built on the idea that one person was to rule all. He or she was the apex of government, society and the sole determinant of the course a country is to take. The basis of this supreme power is called the Divine Right. This right contends that the Monarch has been vested authority by the divine like, God, Allah, and Jehovah, for example. Moreover, this right can be inherited and is passed on from one individual to his or her heir.
The State and the King
In a Monarchy the Monarch, who is still a human individual is simultaneously an institution of society and government. Furthermore, he or she is at the same time the living manifestation of the state. All individuals merely exist as his or her subjects. They live and die under the ruler’s will and whim. The monarch was the ultimate source of rights and possessed almost everything, including the lives of people he or she ruled.
All lands in the state are his. All rights belong to him, and people would have to seek his approval so that they may pursue certain undertakings that involve the authority of the monarch. The interaction of state, nations, countries, in times of peace and war were due to the will and power of kings during the age of monarchies.
Age of the people’s right
As the revolution and change swept through the world monarchies were challenged by the common man. The age of revolution became an age which saw the destruction of the power of monarchies by various movements, often revolutionary ones.
http://www.newstatesman.com/life-and-society/2009/07/british-culture-monarchy-queen
Your good memories can help you create more
Some rights reserved By craigemorsels on flickr.com
Taking a trip down memory lane regularly helps keep you focused on the good things in life. This is a recommended method for creating even more of those. You have already created good memories and staying in touch with them is the key. We forget the good memories as we labor through the daily grind of living. Here are a few tips to keep the good memories in a place. This fun and easy project will keep you connected and keep your mood up and continue the cycle of creating more good things.
Things you will need
All you need is your computer, a scanner and your boxes of photos (or maybe you already got them into an album that you never look at). If you don’t already have a scanner they can be purchased very inexpensively at an office supply store. They get outdated quickly even though they still work great for this. I once picked up a brand new printer/copier/scanner/fax for only $40!
Start loading the photos onto your computer. As you are saving them make sure you put them all into the main file labeled “My Pictures” or “Pictures”. Once there you can start organizing them into sub-files that you label. That is just a drag and drop job. Remember to create a backup. Now comes the really fun part. Go to Smilebox, Hallmark or any other online card making site, create an “I love you” or “thinking about you” e-card or print card using those old photos Your family and friends will love the trip down memory lane as well. You are helping others to stay in touch with their good memories along with you!
Screen-saver option
The other step that will keep you seeing those photos daily and remembering those good times regularly is to use the photo screen-saver option. This is easy and scrolls through every photo and video in the file you tell it (this is why you want them all in one major file). As you are going about your day you are reminded of those wonderful memories keeping your mood up and ensuring that you always stay in touch with the wonderful memories you have already created.
Consequences of Kosovo’s Independence
Context Of Kosovo
Social and political conflicts are a major source of instability in the world today. They affect not just the countries in which they occur, but very often engulf their neighbors and have a potential to throw entire regions into turmoil. Even if settlements are reached, they often remain unstable resulting in a return to violence or necessitating ongoing intervention by the international community. Tragically, Kosovo may be such a case. But the potential for the success of peace processes can be greatly increased when all sections of society are provided with opportunities to become active partners in their own peace process.
Nature Of The Problem Of Kosovo
There could be little doubt that the independence declaration of Kosovo has created a new situation, and a new crisis in the region, with implications much wider than the province’s borders. It is even clearer that, unless realism prevails on this crisis could only worsen or, at best, fester for a long time, with a good chance that it would periodically result in episodes of violence. The problem is that realism and solutions based on it are never pain less, even more so when the parties in conflict start from different premises, even if the y are both mistaken.
Implications Of Kosovo’s Independence
The recognition appears often in the official declarations of states, which have recognized Kosovo as the end of a process of dissolution of the former Yugoslav federation, a happy ending of the period of ethnic cleansing and promise of a brighter future. In most related declarations, the responsible officials are making a bet for a harmonious cohabitation between all ethnic groups which, finally reconciled, will start their integration in the Euro-Atlantic family.
Prospects As To The Future Of Kosovo
The “Kosovo case” will remain open for a number of years, perhaps decades, first due to problems of legality and legitimacy, and second due to concrete empirical situation in the field: none of
these factors play in favor of a realization of Kosovo as an independent state. The first one because of the serious endangerment of the international legal and political order, the second because of the fact that Kosovo in the long run will look like a non-functional entity as an international protectorate, which
furthermore has a “de facto” divided institutional functioning between the Serbian and the Albanian communities. These factors, however, do not mean that the “Kosovo case” will be archived as a difficult and painful case, for which there are not enough facts or “enough witnesses” (the idea of a frozen conflict). To the contrary – it should be expected that the question of Kosovo in the upcoming period remains in the heart of interest of not only Serbia and the Balkans, but also of the United States, Europe, Russia and other countries around the world.
Value Of Kosovo
Kosovo has some of Europe’s richest reserves in coal, but also in lead, zinc and lignite. The Trepca mine has some 7.5 million tons of mineral reserves, while Kosovo also has silver, gold, nickel, bauxite and manganese. According to a World Bank report, the richness of the Kosovo resources could amount to 13 billion dollars.
References:
http://www.voanews.com/english/news/europe/Serbia-Drops-Challenge-to-Kosovos-Independence-at-UN-102587754.html
http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004BE3B1/(httpInfoFiles)/B59C16D8151D06A6C12575A600538EDF/$file/GO_08_serbia-kosovo.pdf
The Elusive Peace in Kashmir
dismalworld.com
For many years now, Kashmir had been known to be a dangerous place to live in due to conflicts surrounding the region, making peace so elusive among its people. The conflict, however, does not stem from the country itself like other conflict-ridden countries, but from its neighbors such as Pakistan and India. Both countries are considered as nuclear powers in conflict with one another in such a small space, always threaten the Kashmir region.
The unresolved conflict
Since the partition of India and Pakistan happened more than 60 years ago, Kashmir had been the root cause for conflicts as to who should claim this tiny country into their own. A total of three wars had been fought over this nation and its people with no clear victor to claim this war-torn area. As years pass by, technology and availability of weapon increases, that would make the next war catastrophic. The unresolved conflict of the region also divided the population and without conclusion of the conflict, the people of Kashmir face an uncertain future. This place was once a beautiful nation with a growing tourist industry, but now, the beauty was turned into destructive terrorist activities and military incursions.
Kashmir’s Dispute
Kashmir’s dispute stemmed from the separation of two British Indian Empire states into independent states, which turned into the Muslim Pakistan and the Hindu India. The Partition, as referred to by other historians, started due to religious indifference and the threat of annihilation. Muslims in India believed that their religious status will be overwhelmed in a Hindi Indian controlled state, thus, the Muslim League, demanded that Hindu and Muslim India should be separated. The Indian National Congress, which would later become the ruling party of India, rejected the proposal of the Muslim Indians but compromised by creating Pakistan.
Unknown to all at that time, the leaders of the ruling party expected that Pakistan will eventually collapse due to on-going turmoil. However, Pakistan rose to become an independent and aggressive nation. The process of Partition left traumatic memories on both sides due to the killings on the boarders of the two countries, leaving hundreds of thousands dead and millions of families homeless. With such animosity towards each other, it is impossible to see a resolution through peaceful means.
Hope Of A Peaceful Settlement
According to the U.N., hope of a peaceful settlement between the two warring states is still viable; however, long term solutions for peace should be implemented for peace to last in Kashmir. The United Nation’s influence, experience in mediation, and its numerous member states makes it the ideal mediator on this conflict. This organization of countries has served roles such as administrative, executor and solution for political conflicts that cater to the continuation of global peace.
With a peacekeeping force under its helm, it has immersed itself in the international settlement of conflicts. With activities such as rouge military movements, holding of elections, hosting human rights conventions and helping refugees, the United Nations mandate on the solution of the peace process will ensure a long term effect to both parties. Kashmir does hope that this governing body has the ability to pacify hostilities and ensure an effective conflict resolution.
References:
http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jvKA6FSwHfK3D4qLBBHtEDQt5rlwD9IFJCP80
Military Leaks in the Modern Times
Visit their website at www.invisiblehistory.com
In the age of computers, the Internet, extensive use of mobile phones and other portable advanced communications devices, keeping secrets is an ever-growing challenge. This is the case as well with armed services around the world. Their ability to serve as a potent defense of a state as well as their capacity to wage war heavily depends on information. To be effective they must have more, if not equal, information than the enemy. Moreover, the enemy as much as possible should have the least information about them. This has become perhaps the most urgent issue faced by armed services globally.
Lack of absence of security
The lack of or total absence of security opens the modern state to attack. Attacks do not need to be conventional. It could be indirect through proliferation of information. Imagine terrorists gaining access to the restricted information of the military or the industrial secrets of a state’s economy, which they could use these to directly assault the state or undermine its stability. Due to the growing avenue for distribution of information, restricting its circulation has become difficult, especially information of a classified nature.
Information age warfare
Warfare in the ages of human history has been determined primarily by the technology of the time. In the 21st century, which is known as the information age, information is the foremost weapon. Therefore, the access to information would be the main concern of the military and the prime target of the enemy.
Information is the lifeblood of modern society. It is the main component in socialization, and the institutions that deal with it are the new power structures of the polity. In recent news, the military institutions in the US are preparing to deal with the anticipated release of restricted documents on the war in Iraq by Wikileaks website. The main point of this is that it best manifests the working of the kind of warfare of this age.
Security issues
The structure of society, the culture of openness, and the institutionalization of information dissemination make keeping information difficult. More so if such information is to be kept secret from enemies of the state. The adversaries of a country would try to gain access and possession of this secret information in any way they can. Before, they used to employ spies to gain this knowledge. Now there exists the internet. It can be a means to gain access to these restricted pieces of information.
On the political side, there is a growing movement demanding greater disclosure on the part of the military in terms of its operations and activities. Perhaps the public has the right to know but this right will be catered to at the expense of national security. This is the kind of usual yet undesirable trade-off that would exist. In fact, countries expend much effort and resources dealing with leaks and the consequence they have on a country’s security.
References:
http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE69G19520101017
How Can News Benefit You?
Some rights reserved by emdot on flickr
Caution is needed when reading the news. If you keep it balanced your curiosity can be satisfied by what you need to find out. It is important to keep up with current events and warnings that people may need to know about. However, we need to understand that not everything we read in the news is fact or that we need to believe it all. Mistakes are made because we are human. Some news writers get unreliable sources and sometimes even hoaxes have been printed. Sometimes it can be too late to detect it before it has went to press.
Newspapers are Printed at a Fast Pace
Newspapers are printed at a very fast pace and are all in competition with the other. They each want the credit of getting it out the fastest. Some peoples work depends on it. With the speed it takes to do this sometimes the research and time needed makes for a poor written article leaving out important details or maybe the wrong details where printed. Some journalists may not even receive important news updates while others have all the right avenues and tools at there disposal to readily get the news out.
Questions to Ask Yourself with Regards to News
This may leave you wondering on how to know which one is accurate or not. Misrepresentation is usually the result of being too hasty at your report or by getting misinformation without checking out if it is viable or not. We need to choose wisely and carefully examine to see if it rings true or not. Some questions you may ask yourself are: What kind of background does this journalist have? Are there references that you can do extra research on? Is he known to be Prejudice?
These questions can tell you a lot about the person who is citing the news and a way to determine how reliable and reputable the writer is. We have to remember though that no one is perfect. The news is just one of the ways to know what is going in the world around you both locally as well as earth wide. It helps you to stay up to date and well informed.
The Beauty of the Cherry Blossoms
Some rights reserved by "KIUKO" on flickr
The most popular of all flowers of Japan are the cherry blossoms. For more than a thousand years cherry blossoms have been adored by the Japanese culture. Happily you do not have to travel to Japan to view these marvelous flowers since there are over 300 varieties and can be located right here in the United States found on the cherry tree. The delicate flowers come in a variety of colors ranging from crimson, soft pink and white have been symbolized as simplicity and purity. The sight of these flowers in full bloom is breath taking.
Lifespan of Cherry Blossoms
Sadly, the delicate petals of these flowers do not last long. They can even have a shorter lifespan due to weather conditions. At the most they only last two to three days. Although this in itself may seem sad it is actually one of the most beautiful breathtaking sights an individual could experience. With a burst of wind you will see the falling petals in a dramatic display the Japanese call sakura fubuki which means cherry blossom blizzard. The ground beneath is a picture of beauty with its delicate blanket of petals. No wonder why so many flock to see it.
Cherry Blossoms are a Big Part of Japanese Culture
These blossoms bloom during the month of January in southern Japan and continues northbound until approximately the end of May. News media and radio broadcasts often follow the progress of this movement which is known as the cherry blossom front. The cherry blossom news updates and announcements reminders make many viewers want to travel and see this marvelous occasion.
The cherry tree to the Japanese is purely for its flowers and beauty and it is a big part of Japanese culture. Many appreciate the beauty of the cherry blossoms but we have also come to enjoy the other forms of use from the cherry tree as well. The wood which creates beautiful furniture and carvings which many desire in there homes. Or the tasteful fruit it yields either fresh or in desserts and for great wines.
Honey: A Tasteful Gift from the Bee
Some rights reserved By david.nikonvscanon on flickr
Most people have come to know the taste of honey and where it comes from. It is a natural sweetener and it is also a great energizer that many have come to depend on. However, honey is not just beneficial for mankind, the bee is also dependable upon it for food. They need large amounts of it to survive through each winter. In a productive season, a hive consists of about 60 pounds of honey and bees only need about half this amount to survive so that leaves a considerable amount for humans and animals to enjoy its sweet taste.
How the Bee Makes Honey
I am sure that we have all seen the bees buzzing around pretty flowers and when you have they are sucking up the nectar and carrying it back to their hives. Once there another bee takes over the nectar and chews on it for about 30 minutes so that it can mix the enzymes needed by mouth and then places it in the hexagonal cells that are made from beeswax which are fanned by their wings to dry it out. Once this wax is reduced to about 18 percent or less it is capped off and will keep almost indefinitely.
Honey is Used Medicinally
Not only is it an incredible food source it is also very advantageous in the medicinal field. It has several of the B vitamins, antioxidants and different varieties of minerals. It can be used topical for wounds, burns, scrapes and even skin irritants like ulcers. It has been shown to have antibiotic and antibacterial properties as well. It has been beneficial in promoting the growth of new tissue as well as reducing inflammation.
What a perfect food that is also great for many other ailments too. Great lengths to protect bees and the beekeepers have been established by law. In times there have been severe punishments such as large fines and even death on anyone found damaging hives or trees.
Consequences of Kosovo’s Independence
Author holds L.L.B., B.A and M. Phil. from the University of Queensland in Australia and Ph.D. degree from the University of Cambridge. Mr. Kampmark was a Commonwealth Scholar at Selwyn College, University of Cambridge. He is a member of the Australian Institute for International Affairs and the Royal Institute of International Affairs.
Social and political conflicts are a major source of instability in the world today. They affect not just the countries in which they occur, but very often engulf their neighbors and have a potential to throw entire regions into turmoil. Even if settlements are reached, they often remain unstable resulting in a return to violence or necessitating ongoing intervention by the international community. Tragically, Kosovo may be such a case. But the potential for the success of peace processes can be greatly increased when all sections of society are provided with opportunities to become active partners in their own peace process.
Nature of the Problem of Kosovo
There could be little doubt that the independence declaration of Kosovo has created a new situation, and a new crisis in the region, with implications much wider than the province’s borders. It is even clearer that, unless realism prevails this crisis could only worsen or, at best, fester for a long time, with a good chance that it would periodically result in episodes of violence. The problem is that realism and solutions based on it are never painless, even more so when the parties in conflict start from different premises, even if the y are both mistaken.
Implications of Kosovo’s Independence
The recognition appears often in the official declarations of states, which have recognized Kosovo as the end of a process of dissolution of the former Yugoslav federation, a happy ending of the period of ethnic cleansing and promise of a brighter future. In most related declarations, the responsible officials are making a bet for a harmonious cohabitation between all ethnic groups which, finally reconciled, will start their integration in the Euro-Atlantic family.
Prospects as to the Future of Kosovo
The “Kosovo case” will remain open for a number of years, perhaps decades, first due to problems of legality and legitimacy, and second due to concrete empirical situation in the field: none of
these factors play in favor of a realization of Kosovo as an independent state. The first one because of the serious endangerment of the international legal and political order, the second because of the fact that Kosovo in the long run will look like a non-functional entity as an international protectorate, which
furthermore has a “de facto” divided institutional functioning between the Serbian and the Albanian communities.
These factors, however, do not mean that the “Kosovo case” will be archived as a difficult and painful case, for which there are not enough facts or “enough witnesses” (the idea of a frozen conflict). To the contrary – it should be expected that the question of Kosovo in the upcoming period remain in the heart of interest of not only Serbia and the Balkans, but also of the United States, Europe, Russia and other countries around the world.
Value of Kosovo
Kosovo has some of Europe’s richest reserves in coal, but also in lead, zinc and lignite. The Trepca mine has some 7.5 million tons of mineral reserves, while Kosovo also has silver, gold, nickel, bauxite and manganese. According to a World Bank report, the richness of the Kosovo resources could amount to 13 billion dollars. In a financial emergency, people without this kind of money might turn to a no credit check cash advance or an installment loan.
References:
http://www.voanews.com/english/news/europe/Serbia-Drops-Challenge-to-Kosovos-Independence-at-UN-102587754.html
http://www.internal-displacement.org/8025708F004BE3B1/(httpInfoFiles)/B59C16D8151D06A6C12575A600538EDF/$file/GO_08_serbia-kosovo.pdf
Fatah: Exerting Genuine Effort for Peace
7 February 2009, Jamil Hamad contributed to this report.
Peace in an extensive conflict – ridden parts of the globe entail considerable efforts among those involved in the conflict. The participants in the conflict would most often need to set aside differences, compromise certain goals and try to get along with deeply rooted enemies. In the Israeli – Palestinian conflict the various factions representing the Palestinians would need to deal with Israel and in turn Israel need to deal with the Palestinians. This is not in terms of military action but rather in an effort to resolve the conflict without force of arms as the tool for resolution.
What is Fatah?
Recently a major faction in the Palestinian side of the conflict indicated its support for efforts to establish a lasting, stable and viable peace between the disputing sides. Fatah in fact seems to be taking initiative to show Israel that it is sincere in its attempt to build peace. What is Fatah? It is major Palestinian political party and the largest faction of the Palestine Liberation Organization. It is mainly nationalist, although not predominantly socialist. Its main goal is complete liberation of Palestine, and eradication of Zionist economic, political, military and cultural existence. However, despite its political inclinations and orientation, it openly supports reaching out to Israel in an effort to broker a peace with it.
An Effort to End Conflict
Fatah is generally considered to have had a strong involvement in revolutionary struggles in the past and has maintained a number of militant/terrorist groups. Unlike its rival, Islamist faction Hamas, Fatah is not currently regarded as a terrorist organization by any government. This makes them a viable party to any international effort to end the Israel – Palestine Conflict. Organizations that collectively lead the Palestinians are part of why the conflict has not ended. They prove difficult to negotiate with and are usually keen on setting aside diplomacy for suicide – bombings and the like. If ever the fighting would stop, fundamentally, there should be an internal effort to shift efforts, from armed means to diplomatic means.
This would create a ripple effect that would reverberate among the various factions of the Palestinian Organization and at least make them consider making peace with Israel. Israel actually is able to turn to negotiations rather easily in comparison to the Palestinians. But as we said the idea is for genuine attempts to attain peace to come from, and be pursued simultaneously by, all parties in the conflict.
Fatah’s Example to Pursue Peace
If differences will not be set aside over the course of the conflict the opportunity for peace will dissolve little by little until none is left to build peace on. Moreover conflicts like that of Israel and Palestine would likely spill out of and involve and entangle other countries. Notable in all of this is that Fatah, despite its inclinations, has put out an effort to set that aside and support the pursuit of peace. This not only assures Israel that negotiations are possible but also that not all Palestinian factions are in favor of resolving the conflict via force.
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